Medical disorders can threaten the life health of both mother and fetus. If diagnosed and treated early, many diseases can be managed to ensure a healthy outcome_another strong argument for early prenatal care. Furthermore, the changes in pregnancy can reveal diseases risks, making screening possible and early intervention possible.
PREEXISTING DIABETES: Whether diabetes presents risks depends on how well it is controlled before and during pregnancy. Without proper management of maternal diabetes, women face high infertility rates, and those who do conceive may experience episodes of severe hipoglycemia or hiperglycemia, spontaneous abortions, and pregnancy-related hypertension. Infants may be large, suffer physical and mental abnormalities, and experience other complications such as severe hipoglycemia or respiratory distress, both of which can be fatal. Ideally, a woman with diabetes will receive the prenatal care needed to achieve glucose control before conception and continued glucose control throughout pregnancy.
GESTATIONAL DIABETES: For every 14 women entering pregnancy without diabetes, one will develop a condition known as gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes usually develops during the second half of pregnancy, with subsequent return to normal after childbirth. Some women with gestational diabetes, however, develop diabetes (usually type 2) after pregnancy, especially if the are over weight. For this reason, health care professional strongly advise against excessive weight gain during pregnancy.
The most common consequences of gestational diabetes are complications during labor and delivery and a high infant birthweight. Birth defects associated with gestational diabetes include heart damage, limb deformities, and neural tube defects. To ensure the problems of gestational diabetes are dealt with promptly, physicians screen for the risk factors like maternal weight, maternal nutrition, socioeconomic status, lifestyle habits, age, previous pregnancies (number, interval, outcomes, multiple births, birthweight) and maternal health (high blood pressure, diabetes, chronic diseases), and the also test high risk women for glucose intolerance immediately and average risk-women between 24 and 28weeks gestation. Dietary recommendations should meet the needs of pregnancy and maternal blood glucose goals. To maintain normal blood glucose levels, carbohydrate should be restricted to 35 to 40% of energy intake.
PREEXISTING DIABETES: Whether diabetes presents risks depends on how well it is controlled before and during pregnancy. Without proper management of maternal diabetes, women face high infertility rates, and those who do conceive may experience episodes of severe hipoglycemia or hiperglycemia, spontaneous abortions, and pregnancy-related hypertension. Infants may be large, suffer physical and mental abnormalities, and experience other complications such as severe hipoglycemia or respiratory distress, both of which can be fatal. Ideally, a woman with diabetes will receive the prenatal care needed to achieve glucose control before conception and continued glucose control throughout pregnancy.
GESTATIONAL DIABETES: For every 14 women entering pregnancy without diabetes, one will develop a condition known as gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes usually develops during the second half of pregnancy, with subsequent return to normal after childbirth. Some women with gestational diabetes, however, develop diabetes (usually type 2) after pregnancy, especially if the are over weight. For this reason, health care professional strongly advise against excessive weight gain during pregnancy.
The most common consequences of gestational diabetes are complications during labor and delivery and a high infant birthweight. Birth defects associated with gestational diabetes include heart damage, limb deformities, and neural tube defects. To ensure the problems of gestational diabetes are dealt with promptly, physicians screen for the risk factors like maternal weight, maternal nutrition, socioeconomic status, lifestyle habits, age, previous pregnancies (number, interval, outcomes, multiple births, birthweight) and maternal health (high blood pressure, diabetes, chronic diseases), and the also test high risk women for glucose intolerance immediately and average risk-women between 24 and 28weeks gestation. Dietary recommendations should meet the needs of pregnancy and maternal blood glucose goals. To maintain normal blood glucose levels, carbohydrate should be restricted to 35 to 40% of energy intake.
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